Tartrazine Cl 19140
Function : Tartrazine Cl 19140 is a yellow food coloring. Tartrazine is widely used in foods, such as the packaged convenience foods mentioned above, smoked fish, chewing gum, sweets, beverages, and canned fruit preserves. The dye has undergone extensive testing, and was found to be harmless in experimental animals.
Effect to human healthy : various types of allergic reactions are attributed to tartrazine. As little as 0.15 mg can elicit an acute asthmatic attack in sensitive persons. A number of studies reported a high incidence of intolerance of
tartrazine among aspirin(acetylsalicylic acid)-intolerant asthmatics. On the whole, however, tartrazine causes asthma, even among those who are intolerant to aspirin.
Also, several clinical symptoms have been attributed to tartrazine hyperactivity of children, and urticaria (hives).
With regard to hyperactivity of children, there is a controversy regarding the association between tartrazine and the hyperactivity. A similar controversy links a possible association between tartrazine and urticaria.
The average daily intake of tartrazine is estimated at 9 mg/kg body weight in the US, while the ADI is 7.5 mg/kg body weight.
Ponceau 4R Cl 16255
Function : Form of Ponceau 4R is powder and its colour red. Easy to soluble in water and make solutions colored orange. Formed by trisodium d-2-hydroxyl-1-(4-sulfonato-1-naphthylazo)-6,8-naphthalenedisulfonate. It can be used with NaCl or Na2SO4. Soluble in water and several soluble in ethanol. “Molecul Formula” : C20H11N2Na3O10S3.1,5 H2O
Effect to human healthy : Clinical symptoms have been attributed to Ponceau is asthma. Several country like America, Canada, and Finlandia prohibit to use this dye for food.
Table 2. Limit of Maximal Intake Ponceau 4R in food
| Kind of Food | Limit of Maximal Intake |
| Ice cream | 50 mg/kg |
| Soft drink and liquid food | 70 mg/kg |
| Aromatic yoghurt and boiled food after fermented | 48 mg/kg |
| Canned pear fruit | 200 mg/kg |
| Canned plum fruit | 300 mg/kg |
| Jam and Jelly | 200 mg/kg |
| Canned shrimp | 30 mg/kg |
| Frozen shrimp | 30 mg/kg |
Source : Permenkes RI No. 722/Menkes/Per/IX/88/Tentang Bahan Tambahan Makanan
Potassium sorbat
Function : Sorbic acid is a monocarboxylic, a,4-unsaturated lipo-philic weak acid which has been used successfully as a preservative in a wide variety of products for many years (18). Although the antimicrobial efficacy of sorbate is greater against yeasts and molds, sorbate can retard or inhibit the germination of spores and the growth of vegetative cells of bacteria such as Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Staphylococus aureus, Pseudomonas spp., Vibrio parahae- molyticus, and Bacillus spp.
Effect to human healthy :
Inhalation: Potassium sorbate is not known to cause respiratory irritation.
Eye Contact : Potassium sorbate causes eye irritation.
Skin Contact : Potassium sorbate may cause skin irritation.
Ingestion : Not harmful – an FDA approved food additive.
Chronic : No known effects.
Target Organs : eyes, skin.
Citric Acid
Function : It is denoted by E number E330. In the United States the purity requirements for citric acid as a food additive are defined by the Food Chemical Codex (FCC), which is published by the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP).
It can be added to flavor and preservative in food and beverages certain drinks, especially soft drinks. It works well as a meat tenderizer because it tends to break down the meat proteins. However, it is bitter — one of its main uses in food is to make certain candy sour. Citric acid adds an exterior coating to the candies and provides quite a bit of sour taste. It can make the mouth pucker or feel dry, and higher quantities will produce very sour candies.
Effect to human healthy : Very few people are allergic t citric acid, but some people may have stomach sensitivity to it, and might better avoid foods containing it.
Contact with dry citric acid or with concentrated solutions can result in skin and eye iritation, so protective clothing should be worn when handling these materials. Contact to the eyes can cause a burning sensation, and may cause blindness with prolonged exposure in extremely high concentrations (as anything with low enough pH will).
Excessive consumption is capable of eroding the tooth enamel.
Sometimes a high concentration of citric acid can damage hair and bleach it.
References
Anonymousa. 2010. Ponceau 4R. http://iklanprima.info/search/ponceau+4r+wikipedia+the-+free+encyclopedia Tanggal akses 15 Mei 2010.
Anonymousb. 2010. Ponceau 4R. http://portal.bpfk.gov.my/aeimages//File/DRGD/RG-DOC_March_10_29.3.pdf Tanggal akses 18 Mei 2010.
Anonymousc. 2010. Tartrazine Cl. http://chemicalland21.com/lifescience/foco/-TARTRAZINE.htm Tanggal akses 15 Mei 2010.
Anonymousd. 2010. Kalium Sorbat. http://aem.asm.org/cgi/reprint/49/3/505.pdf Tanggal akses 15 Mei 2010.
Anonymouse. 2010. Potassium Sorbat. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/-articles/PMC373539/ Tanggal akses 15 Mei 2010.
Anonymousf. 2010. Citric Acid. http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-citric-acid.htm Tanggal akses 20 Mei 2010.
Mehedi, N., et al.2010. Reproductive of Tartrazine in Swiss Albino Mice. http://docs.google.-com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:f5wWaKerlTEJ:www.scipub.org/fulltext/AJPT/AJPT44128-133.pdf Tanggal akses 20 Mei 2010.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar